The osteoarthritis of the knee joint is a serious dystrophic disease of the joints of the bones, which is associated with damage to the cartilage tissue, which covers the entire surface of the joints.
Such destruction of the cartilage tissue is caused by violations of the blood circulation of bone classes.The diagnosis of osteoarthritis is usually made by older people over 50 years, and most of them are women.At the same time, articular cartilage cracks become thinner and loses its depreciation properties and its fiber faciality, which do not soften regular strokes of the body and knee joint.
Symptoms of knee osteoarthritis
The main symptom for the knee osteoarthritis is a severe pain in the knee area, the type and intensity of which change over time.Usually the pain becomes unbearable during movement, in the rest of the position you can intensify or withdraw.The patient can have deformations and severe edema in the area of the affected joint, and there is also a characteristic crisis when walking.In addition, the patient has an inflammatory reaction in the synovial joint membrane, which leads to swelling of the cartilage and an increase in the cartilage in volumes.The pathology of this disease is a decrease in mobility of the joint, a restriction of mobility and the occurrence of a feeling of stiffness of the joints.
It is worth noting that the osteoarthritis of the joints can influence the patient's different areas, but most frequently are types such as osteoarthritis of the knee joint, arthrosis arthrosis of the lumbosacus and the cervix, as well as the arthrosis of humerus, complex arthrosis of the bone joint and brush and also osteoarthritis of the hip joint.Any form of osteoarthritis is connected to the deformation of bone tissue, so that it can be described as deforming osteoarthritis of the knee joint or slotted control.In general, the name, osteoarthritis, arthrosis, arthrosis and arthrosis are deformed as synonymous through international classification.It is worth noting that the deformation of the osteoarthritis of the hip joint can cause very serious diseases when operating the musculoskeletal system.Therefore, the early diagnosis of this disease helps to maintain the patient's physical ability.In the arthrosis of the knee joint, a noticeable deformation of the leg occurs, its curvature, the deviation of the leg axis from the straight line, which always leads to impossibility, to edit the joint and difficulties in his work.
Deformation of the osteoarthritis of the knee joints
Osteoarthrosis or deforming osteoarthritis of one or two knee joints is a degenerative-dystrophic disease.Typically, the main factor for the development of this disease is the constant burden on the knee joints.In addition, women suffer from this disease twice as often as men.In general, the arthrosis of the knee joint leads very slowly and its frequent symptoms are pronounced pain.At the beginning of the disease, the pain only occurs after a long time, lifting, wearing weights or when the stairs descended.The increase in pain in wet and cold weather is also characteristic.In the future, pain will only increase a constant character.A reactive, anti -inflammatory process develops in the inner shell of the joint and a sudden deterioration in the pain can also occur.As a result, the knee joint increases in size and swelling.In addition, the process is waned and then resumed under unwanted conditions.
The treatment of the arthrosis of the knee joint includes the restriction of physical exertion on the joint.However, it is necessary to carry out physiotherapy exercises, since the movements that the joint performs enables the joint mobility and improving the diet of its elements.All exercises are selected using the treatment of physiotherapy exercises or an exercise therapy.Such exercises are carried out every day.The only state for exercises is to unload the knee joint, ie all exercises are carried out in seating and lying positions.It is still very useful to swim and carry out exercises in the pool.Nevertheless, both joints are prescribed the physiotherapy exercises.The patients are recommended by massage in the area of the knee joint, lower leg and the hip muscles.In this way, you can improve the blood flow to the joint and also support the leg muscles in excellent condition.
In order to remove pain syndrome, the doctor does not prescribe steroids inhibitory medication and analgesics.Various analgesic and irritating ointments are also prescribed.In order to improve blood supply, venotonics and vasocore -regulating medication are prescribed.For a long time, the patient prescribes medication that improve the condition of the articular cartilage - these are chondroprotectors.When conservative therapy methods become ineffective, you use surgical treatment.If the main function of the joint has been preserved and there is no contract regulations, small operation is possible, ie arthroscopy using endoscopic technology.The connection is washed during the operation, then all destroyed cartilage fragments are removed, osteophytes are removed.However, such an operation is palliative.With a slight trauma you can improve the joint for 2-3 years.And if there is a large defeat of the outside or inside of the joint, a slight curvature of the lower leg, the doctor can prescribe a corrective and valgizing osteotomy for the tibia with serious lesions of the inner part of the knee joint.
The causes of osteoarthritis of the knee joint
The main causes of the arthrosis of the knee joint are associated with an increased physical activity of middle -aged people, which violates blood supply and nutrition of the cartilage joints, which leads to the functional failure of the joints.The osteoarthritis of the knee joints develops through factors such as the lack of collagen of the second type, joint injuries of different types of origin, acquired joint diseases, a genetic factor, i.e. an assessment for an innate disease of bones and joints.The cause of this disease can be overweight, which always causes an increased stress for the joints, the general overloading of the joints of the legs and violations in the metabolism.So that the joints can work successfully and arthrosis does not cause inconvenience during work activity, they have to take care of their health, to prevent diseases and protect their joints.In order to achieve good results from the treatment, it is necessary to obtain a precise diagnosis, which is achieved with various methods for examining the disease.
The degree of arthrosis of the knee joint
Several arthrosis stages can be identified during clinical-radiological research.For example, the osteoarthritis of the 1st degree is characterized by a small narrowing of the gap in the joint itself, a restriction of the movement and showing the edges of the surface of the joint.If the patient has a second degree, he has considerable traffic restrictions and a strong crisis in the joint.And during the examination, the doctor discovers osteophytes and narrowed in the common gap and a cyst.If the patient has a third arthrosis degree, he has a complete restriction of movement and a deformation of the joints, and seals, osteophytes, epiphysis and subchondral cysts occur on their surface.
In an arthroscopic examination, the doctor shows: With the osteoarthritis of the first degree, the patient is observed in the second stage on the surface of the joint on the surface of the joint, whereby the patient has characteristic changes in the norch tissue in the thickness in the second stage, but there is no way to take bone tissue into account.At the fourth stage of arthrosis, the surface of the joint is filled with areas in which there is no cartilage.And to unload the sick joint, a great physical exertion must be avoided and the motor activity should be reduced.And with the help of special orthoses, sticks, crutches, you can significantly reduce the effects on the painful joint.
Treatment of knee osteoarthritis
In the treatment of osteoarthritis, tablets and ointment are prescribed that relieve pain and counteract inflammatory processes, prescribe the physiotherapeutic methods that slow down the process of destroying the joints.In more serious cases, common endoprosthetics are prescribed that conservative treatment and rehabilitation will be required.A diet is also required for patients who suffer from excessive body weight and disorders of metabolic processes.In addition, the nutrition of nutrition on micro elements and nutrients should be plentiful, which is sufficient for the processes to create new tissues and cells that occur in the patient's body.Only one nutritionist selects a diet that takes into account the patient's state of health.It is very important to know that restrictions and excessive food in food damage the joints.In treatment, you can use special orthosis, crutches and sticks that unload the patient from additional physical activity.
The treatment complex includes gymnastics for the knee joint, which occupies a very important place.Gymnastics are prescribed to the patient to prevent his contract documents, improve blood circulation and increase the muscle tone.It is therefore necessary to carry out morning gymnastics that prepares the aching joint for upcoming homeloads.In order to strengthen all stages of the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee joint, the doctor recommends spa treatment.
It is worth noting that the osteoarthritis of the knee is one of the most common diseases that occurs in many former athletes.This is due to the fact that these people have exposed to enormous stress, injuries, microtrauma of the joints, ribbons and several bruises in his youth.And since the muscle mass can repair the joints, the very first arthrosis symptoms become invisible.However, the departure from sport begins to provoke the weakening of the athlete's muscle frame so that microtraumas become painful and the joints are lined up.Complex exercises that have to be obtained in the physiotherapy room and carry out these exercises 3-4 times a day are also very useful.Of course, these exercises should be taken seriously, especially if you get up from a lying position.And after a hard day, the patient is recommended for calm and peace for 30-40 minutes.
Even the treatment of knee arthrosis includes general recommendations such as wearing shoes on a comfortable high head, the patient should lead a mobile lifestyle, and he should not fold his feet when he is sitting.It is advisable to unload the joints of the legs after the end of the working day.It can be the "bicycle" exercises.In addition, Aquaerob is very useful, which is an excellent remedy for the removal of fatigue in the legs that has accumulated all day long, and it also increases the mood and becomes a good means of losing weight.In addition, the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee joint can be supplemented with special heating compresses.These procedures should only be carried out in the evening or before going to bed.In addition, other treatment methods, for example treatment with folk methods that are completely dependent on the patient, become effective.However, before you are treated with folk mode for the treatment of arthrosis, you must contact the doctor present and follow all of his recommendations and tips.
Surgical treatment methods are permitted in the most advanced stages of the osteoarthritis of the knee joint, since conservative treatment will no longer bring results in this situation.If the patient has constant pain cramps and serious restrictions on the movement, the doctor's certificate is operated on.In most cases, such symptoms are diagnosed in 2-3 stages of the disease.Surgical treatment of osteoarthritis includes the correction of the osteotomy, i.e. a correction of joint deformations and the improvement of the functionality of the joint.A similar process is only carried out if it is possible to save the joint.In this case, the expected effect becomes positive and can remain ten years.In more advanced situations in the latest stages, the endoprosthetics of the affected connection are prescribed, ie the connection is replaced.This is the most suitable solution to replace the already very affected joint with a special implant.This method for treating the arthrosis of the hip joint can have a second name - "golden standard".
If the signs of osteoarthritis of the knee joints have not yet felt and are very bad and rare, this is not the reason to visit the doctor of an orthopedic traumatologist, so the forces of the person can prevent such a serious disease of the joints.First, the right nutrition, moderate physical activity, the maintenance of the normal exchange process and the entire body index as well as special exercises that can support the musculoskeletal system in good condition.However, if there is suddenly suspicion of arthrosis of the knee joint, you should immediately seek medical help and start the necessary treatment, which is normally complex.
Treatment of the osteoarthritis of the knee joint
There are many folk methods for the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee joint, which differ in their effectiveness and only help in the early stages of the disease.
A compress with horseradish that helps with joint pain
Many people cannot heal many years of osteoarthritis, so they use all available methods and one of them.This is a compress with horseradish, thanks to which you can heal the deformation of osteoarthritis, relieve inflammation and reduce acute pain.
To prepare this compression, you have to dug or buy fresh horseradish root and then grind on a very fine grater.All obtained content must be reduced into the water and left to steam over low heat, but the water should not reach for cooking.Let the broth cool after 15 minutes, and the resulting composition must be placed on canvas tissue, but first this fabric must be wetted in the resulting decoction.The front fabric must be placed in an affected area.It is advisable to stock up with the roots of the horseradish for the winter and use them if necessary.
Compression for the treatment of osteoarthritis
Many older people suffer from pain in osteoarthritis and use all available treatment methods.One of them is special compresses that provide good results and differ significantly from drug treatment.In order to prepare the compress, 5% medical iodine, 10% ammonia, glycerin and medical bile honey are required.All of these components must be taken in the same proportions and mixed well.Then you should brew in a dark place for 10 days.Before use, the mixture must be shaken and compressed.Before that, the mixture must be heated in a water bath and then moistened a napkin and put on a painful joint at night.On the joint you have to set cellophane and then cover with a wool with a cloth.Such treatment should be carried out every day until the pain subsides.